Design and Construction of a Novel Green Optode for Hafnium Determination in Real Environmental Samples: Table 1

Table 1: Determination of Hf(IV) ion in spiked four water samples.


Sample	Hf(IV) added (ng cm⁻³)	Hf(IV) found (ng cm⁻³)		RSD (%)	Recovery (%)
		Proposed	ICP-AES

Tap sample	0.00	ND^a	ND^a	—	—
	40.0	41.5	39.1	1.2	103.75
	80.0	78.6	81.5	1.6	98.25
Mineral water	0.00	ND^a	ND^a	—	—
	60.0	60.5	58.7	1.2	100.83
	120	118.7	121.1	1.8	98.92
River water	0.00	ND^a	ND^a	—	—
	50.0	49.2	50.6	1.1	98.40
	100	101.2	102.2	1.4	101.20
Waste water	0.00	ND^a	ND^a	—	—
	70.0	69.6	71.4	1.3	99.43
	140	141.0	138.3	1.7	100.71

^aNot detected.